Thirds to mary fenimore elliot



No. 607,533. Patented July [9, I898.

n; R. WARD.

AUTOMATIC STUKER FOR FURNACES. (Application filed Aug. 10. 1307.)

WITNESSES: INVENTOR K flawmlm mummmw,

@Q/ BY ATTORNEYS.

Patented Iuly l9, I898.

D. R. WARD. AUTOMATIC STOKER FOR FURNACES.

AL ummel, filed Aug. 2.0. 1397.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2,v

(No Model.)

INVENTOR:

WITNESSES:

ATTOR N EYS ll'nirn. Srarns Farnnr @rrion.

DAVID REYNOLDS WARD, OF NEWARK, NEl/V JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF TlVO- THIRDS TO MARY FENIMORE ELLIOT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

AUTOMATlC STOKER FOR FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Iletters Patent No. 607,533, dated J'uly 19, 1898. Application filed August 10, 189.7. Serial No. 647,695. (No model.)

- will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and improved means of automatically introducing fuel to a furnace-fire and by means of which all the solid hydrocarbons or other combustible inatters usually used as fuel may be burned in a very economical manner and without producing smoke.

The objects of the invention are to secure an instant return to hand-stoking at any time should the automatic feeding devices become inoperative or clogged. It is especially designed to utilize the inferior grades of fuel such as culm, screenings, and sawdust-and it also greatly lessens the labor and attention usually required for furnace-firing. 7

o Other objects are to secure a more perfect combustion, to obtain a greater degree of heat from the fuel, to secure a more perfectly automatic feeding of the fuel, and to secure other advantages and results, some of which 5 may be referred to hereinafter in connection with the description of the working parts.

The invention consists in the improved fuel feeding or stoking apparatus for a furnace and in the arrangements and combinations of .0 parts thereof, all substantially as will be hereinafter set forth, and finally embraced in the clauses of the claim.

The accompanying drawings show my improvements as embodied in an apparatus de- 5 signed for soft coal, culm, or screenings and applied to an ordinarysingle horizontal boilerfurnace, in which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each of the several figures.

Figure l is a front elevation of aboi1er-front with my apparatus in position. Fig. 2 is a side elevationof .the same. Fig. 3 is a detail vertical central section, on an enlarged scale, through the hopper on a plane parallel with the boiler-front. Fig. t is a top plan of the 5 hop per-bottom with the hoppersides removed. Fig. 5 is a vertical section in detail through the furnace-door and injector at right angles to said door along the line as. Fig. 6 is an end plan of a deflector forming a part of the said injector.

In said drawings, a indicates a boiler-frontv of any usual type, a being the ash-pit doors,

a" the furnace-doors hinged to swing open in the usual manner, and a' the doors covering the flues.

A hopper or fuel-receptacle b is secured by screws or other means to the flue-doors co, which doors may be opened to permit cleaning of the fiues by removing the fastenings b, securing the hopper to one door so that said hopper will be free to swing With the other door when opened. Z) are the openings in the sides of the hopper, at or near the bottom thereof, through which feed-chains d and fuel pass, said openings being disposed oppositely to enable the feed-chains to pass directly from one sprocket-wheel to another.

Secured to the hopper-bottom b is the bearing-bracket c, bored at opposite ends to recei've the shafts 0, upon which are mounted in line with the openings 7) the fast and loose, sprocket-Wheels c, which latter support and drive the feed-chains (Z and their fuel-can riers e. 8

Upon the outwardly-projecting ends of the shaft 0 are mounted the driving sprocket- Wheels g, on which a driving-chain his arranged. The driving-chain h is driven by any suitably-arranged sprocket-wheel i, Fig. 1, mounted on a shaft 9, preferably in the position shown. The slack side of the driving-chain h is held up clear of the lower portion of the chain by the idle carrier-wheel lo, and the said chain h is so arranged upon the 5 driving-sprockets g of the chain fuel-conveyer as to rotate them in opposite directions.

The idle-carrier 7c is secured in position on a suitable bracket is, secured to the side of the hopper b.

From'the opposite directions of revolution of the shaft 0 and their fast sprocketwheels I obtain the necessary opposite movements of the feeding-chains d across the hopper-bottom b".

As clearly shown in Fig. 4, the right-hand sprocket-wheel, carrying the rear feed-chain,

is fastened to its shaft by a set-screw or other means, thus drawing said rear chain across the bottom of the hopper from left to right, the other alined rear sprocket-wheel being an idle chain-carrier loose upon its shaft to permit the desired movements. The movement of the front feedchain is in the reverse direction, its left-hand sprocket-wheel being fast upon its shaft and carrying the chain from right to left. Thus the feed-chains serve to force the fuel lying within the hopper oppositely out through one of the pair of openings 12 on each side of the hopper and to discharge it into the end ducts f of the surrounding receiver f.

The receiver f is of peculiar construction, and consists of a trough-like structure having at its opposite ends depending ducts ff, the bottom of the trough-like body being closed between said ducts, as at f, to prevent any fuel adhering to the chains after passing the mouths of the ducts from dropping to the floor. Said trough-like receiver extends laterally beyond the sprocket-Wheels c c and sufficiently incloses the same to prevent the fuel from being thrown from its proper course. The trough may be fastened to the hopper Z) or to the bracket 0 by straps or connections in any suitable manner.

The fuel passes through the downwardlyprojecting ducts of the receiver f, across the spaces or openings Z, and into the vertical extensions m of the injectors m.

Above the fiue-doors a I arrange an airpipe n from a blower of suitable size and capacity, as shown. The said air-pipe is connected to the injectors by suitable tubes 0, which may be of sheet metal toobtain desirable lightness. Said tubes are preferably in sections joined by flexible connections 19. By the introduction of these flexible connections and by providing the space Z between the ducts f and vertical extensions on I can at any time open the furnace-door ct without adjustin g or removing any part of the apparatus, and, in fact, while. it is in operation.

In case of a desire or necessity forhand-stoking the air-tubes 0 p can be instantly removed by separating the upper flexible connections from the branch tubes 0, over which they are telescoped, and withdrawing the lower metal tubes from the injectors. These air-tubes may be removed in the same manner also when it is required to open the fluedoors a.

The injector m is comprised of a horizontal tube m, to which is joined the vertical extension m for receiving the fuel. The area of the horizontal tube m is enlarged beyond the junction of the vertical extensions 1% for the purpose of relieving the pressure and preventing the air from backing up or forcing the fuel upward in said vertical extension or holding it against a free gravitation.

The fuel on reaching the horizontal tubes m of the injectors m is carried along by the air current against the deflector 9, which sprays the fuel evenly over the fire-surface and diffuses the air within the fire-box.

The horizontal tubes 'm of the injectors receive telescopically the ends of the lower sections of the pipes 0 and extend into and through openings formed in the doors a provided therefor, the said horizontal tubes being provided with shoulders m for limiting the inward passage. Said horizontal tubes are also threaded at their inner extremities to receive the nut-like collars r of the deflectors '1", which collars serve to rigidly clamp said inj ectors to the doors and to hold the deflecting projections r" in proper relation to the entrance-passage for the air and fuel into the fire-chamber. The deflecting projections or spreaders 4" are oppositely beveled at the sides toward the inliowing air and fuel, so that the latter is spread evenly over the bed of ignited coals.

The door of the furnace is made hollow, with an inner lining 5, having a fuel and air passage a coinciding with the opening in the door in which the horizontal pipe m of the injector is fastened.

The deflecting projections or spreader eX- tends from the end of said horizontal pipe to and into said passage a of the lining, but

preferably terminates flush with said lining,

so as to be protected from the heat to a great extent and from other-injury.

At the lower part of the door I provide a slicing-opening t.

The introduction of air above the gratesurface is desirable and necessary for the proper combustion of all solid fuels which generate quantities of hydrocarbon gases, and the amount of air used by me for injecting the fuel is the amount that is necessary for producing a proper combustion of the said hydrocarbon gases. Thus the air serves the double purpose of injecting the fuel and combining with the fuel-gases to produce perfect combustion.

The only attention or care required in the use of my improved apparatus is to supply the hopper with fuel and to occasionally slice the fire. Cleaning the fires is never required, as large cinders do not form in the use of my apparatus, and the ashes remain small in size and divided, falling through the gratespaces with each slicing and leaving the fire at all times clean and bright.

Having thus described the invention,.what I claim as new is- 1. The combination with the hopper and injectors receiving fuel therefrom, of oppositely-m ovable fuel-conveying chains for forcing the fuel from said hopper toward said injectors, and means for driving said chains, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with the fuel receptacle or hopper with opposite end openings, sprocket-wheels arranged contiguous to said openings in pairs, a fast and loose wheel comprising a pair, and conveyer-chains connecting the fast wheels of one pair with the loose wheels of the opposite pairs and means for driving the fast Wheels in opposite directions, of injectors receiving fuel from said hopper, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with the fuel receptacle or hopper having opposite end openings, and means for forcing the fuel therefrom, of

a trough-like receiver having ducts f, injectors arranged contiguous to, but independent of said ducts and receiving the fuel therefrom, and means for conveying compressed air to said injectors, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with a boiler-furnace, having the tube-doors CL', and furnace-doors a, of a hopper fastened to one of said doors and free to swing open therewith, a fuel-injector fastened upon another of said doors, independent of said hopper, means for conveying the solid fuel from said hopper to said injector, and means for conveying compressed air, substantially as set forth.

5. The improved fuel-feeding device for furnaces, comprising the hopper having opposite end openings, and a bracket with pairs of fast and loose sprocket-wheels journaled at opposite ends, contiguous to said openings, the shafts carrying said sprocket-wheels carryin g also driving sprocket-wheels oppositelymoving conveyer-chains, a driving-chain arranged to operate the last said wheels in opposite directions, means for operating the said belt, a fuel-receiver f, fast to said hopper, separate injectors and flexible tubes or pipes for conducting air or fluid thereto, substantially as set forth.

6. The improved fuel-feeding device for furnaces, comprising the hopper having opposite end openings and a bracket with pairs of fast and loose sprocket-wheels and at their projecting ends with driving sprocket-wheels, oppositely-moving chains conveyers distributing the contents of said hopper, a drivingchain, operating the driving sprocket-wheels oppositely, an idler-wheel and means for driving said driving-chain, and injectors having vertical extensions receiving the gravitating fuel from the hopper, means for applying compressed air to the said gravitating fuel and a deflector for spreading said fuel, substantially as set forth.

7. In combination with the furnace and fuel-supply means, of an injector comprising a horizontal portion on", and vertical portion m the said horizontal portion being adapted to receive the air-supply duct and being enlarged beyond the junction with said vertical portion, and a deflector comprising the collar r, and deflecting projection 0"", all arranged and adapted to operate, substantially as set forth. I

S. The combination with the furnace-door, of an injector for solid or non-liquid or nongaseous fuel, comprising the shouldered horizontal pipe fitted within said door, a collar for holding said pipe in position and having a deflecting projection extending into the path of the injected fuel, substantially as set forth. I

9. The combination with the hollow and lined door having the passage of, in the lining, of the injector having the horizontal pipe secured in said door opposite the passage in the lining and a nut-like deflector having said injector to the door and having its deflecting projection or spreader terminate'ap' described, of the shouldered horizontal injector, tube or pipe having an enlarged threaded end extending holding said tube to the door and having an oppositely-beveled 12. In combination with the hollow and lined furnace-door, an injector for engaging the front of said door, and a nut-like deflector having an oppositely-beveled extension or projection, the nut-like part being fastened upon the injector to hold the same and the beveled extension or projection being disposed in the path of the injected fuel, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination with the shouldered and enlarged horizontal tube having a vertical extension on, of a nut-like deflector 4', having the short deflecting projection 1, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 4th day of August, 1897.

DAVID REYNOLDS WARD.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. PELL, O. B. PITNEY. 

